The use of polystyrene for embankment construction

The report provides design and construction guidelines on the use of polystyrene as an earthwork fill. In the introduction a history of the use of polystyrene as a fill material is given and its potential applications and benefits outlined. Examples of situations in which the use of polystyrene fill may be beneficial include: (1) areas of very weak or compressible soils; (2) areas of unstable ground, such as relic landslide, and landslide repairs; (3) restricted sites requiring the use of retained embankments; (4) sites with difficult or restricted access for plant and vehicles; (5) construction over or adjacent to existing structures, services or embankments that may be adversely affected by increased loading or ground movements; (6) transition zones between bridges and normal fill embankments. The manufacturing process is outlined and detailed information is given on the properties, and methods of testing, of the various grades of polystyrene available. Recommendations on design criteria and principles are presented. Draft specification clauses are included for the polystyrene fill and for the protective sheeting recommended for use within the report. The report concludes by providing advice on the construction of polystyrene fills. (A)